American Cockroach
Periplaneta americana
Scientific illustration for identification purposes
Overview
The American cockroach is the largest common cockroach species, often called a "palmetto bug" or "water bug" in the South. Despite its name, it originated in Africa. It can fly short distances and often enters homes through sewer connections.
How to Identify
- Large size - 1.5 to 2 inches long
- Reddish-brown color
- Yellowish figure-8 pattern behind head
- Fully developed wings covering abdomen
- Long cerci at rear
- Can fly short distances
Behavior
American cockroaches prefer warm, moist environments and are commonly found in sewers, steam tunnels, and basements. They can fly short distances in warm weather. They are attracted to fermenting foods and can contaminate food supplies.
Habitat
Favor warm, moist areas including sewers, drains, basements, and commercial kitchens. In the South, they thrive outdoors in mulch, wood piles, and tree holes. They enter buildings through sewer connections and gaps around pipes.
Diet
Omnivorous scavengers eating decaying organic matter, paper, glue, hair, skin, and food scraps. Particularly attracted to fermenting foods.
Reproduction
Females produce egg cases (oothecae) containing 14-16 eggs. A female can produce 6-14 oothecae in her lifetime. Nymphs take 6-12 months to mature.
Distribution in the Southern U.S.
Extremely common throughout Texas, Oklahoma, Louisiana, and Mississippi, especially in coastal and humid areas.
Regional Notes
Often called "palmetto bugs" in the Southern US. They are particularly problematic in older buildings with sewer connections and are very common in commercial kitchens.
Signs of Infestation
- Large reddish-brown roaches seen at night
- Musty, oily odor in infested areas
- Droppings resembling mouse droppings with ridges
- Egg cases (oothecae) in dark areas
- Roaches emerging from drains or sewers
Prevention Tips
- Seal gaps around pipes and utility penetrations
- Install drain screens and floor drain traps
- Fix water leaks and reduce humidity
- Remove food sources and clean grease buildup
- Keep trash in sealed containers
- Trim vegetation and remove mulch from foundation
When to Contact a Professional
Contact a professional for recurring infestations, large numbers of roaches, or if roaches are entering through sewer connections. Professional treatment of drains and exterior entry points is recommended.
Romex Pest Control provides professional american cockroach control services across Texas, Oklahoma, Louisiana, and Mississippi.
Learn about our american cockroach control servicesFrequently Asked Questions
Are American cockroaches the same as palmetto bugs?
Yes, "palmetto bug" is a common Southern term for American cockroaches and sometimes smokybrown cockroaches. They are the same pest despite the different name.
Can American cockroaches fly?
Yes, American cockroaches can fly short distances, especially in warm weather. They more commonly glide from high places than fly from the ground.
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